What is the term for the end of menstrual cycles and the decline of reproductive hormones, typically occurring in middle age?

• A. Infertility
• B. Cohabitation
• C. Menopause
• D. Allostasis

Answer: (C)

Menopause is the stage when menstrual cycles end and reproductive hormone levels decline, signaling the end of a woman’s reproductive years. It typically occurs in middle age, usually between the mid-40s and early 50s, though the exact timing varies. The ovaries gradually produce fewer eggs and less estrogen and progesterone, leading to the cessation of ovulation and monthly bleeding for 12 consecutive months. This hormonal shift can bring symptoms such as hot flashes, night sweats, sleep problems, and vaginal dryness. Infertility describes a difficulty conceiving, which can be related to menopause but isn’t the term for the end of cycles; cohabitation is about living with a partner, and allostasis refers to maintaining stability through change, not reproductive aging.